How is the three stages of powder isothermal sintering divided?

The isothermal sintering process of powder can be roughly divided into three stages with not very distinct boundaries according to time:

(1) In the bonding stage – initial stage of sintering, the original contact point or surface between particles is transformed into crystal bonding, ie, through nucleation and crystallization. Growing up and other atomic processes form sintered necks.

(2) Sintering neck growth stage – A large number of atom-to-grain interface migration enlarges the sintering neck and narrows the interparticle distance to form a continuous pore network.

(3) Closed pore spheronization and shrinkage stages – When the density of the sintered body reaches 90%, most of the pores are completely separated, the number of closed pores is greatly increased, and the pore shape approaches the spherical shape and continuously shrinks.

 

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