Microwave has a thermal effect and non-thermal effect of double sterilization. Microwave heat sterilization mechanism is summarized: biological cells by water, protein, nucleic acid, carbohydrates, fat and organic compounds and other complex compounds consisting of a condensed state medium. The medium in the strong microwave field, the temperature rises. Its spatial structure changes or damage, protein denaturation, affecting its solubility, viscosity, swelling, stability, and thus loss of biological activity. The mechanism of microwave non-thermal sterilization is described as follows: microwave action can change the state of the biological arrangement polymerization and its movement law, and the ion current induced by the microwave field will affect the charge distribution near the cell membrane, resulting in damage of the membrane barrier effect, -K pump function. Resulting in membrane dysfunction, which interfere with or destroy the normal cell metabolism, leading to bacterial growth inhibition, cessation or death. Furthermore, RNA (RAN) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DAN) in cells can cause relaxation, fragmentation or recombination of hydrogen bonds under microwave field force. Induced mutations or chromosomal aberrations, thereby affecting the biological activity of the change, delay or interrupt cell stability and proliferation and proliferation.

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